Reading Guide: Below are a list of the materials I found useful in researching for each episode. For each episode, I've listed the materials in order of relevance and accessibility. So, the top materials are more likely to be introductory overviews, whereas you might find the lower materials more useful once you're already pretty confident in the subject matter and want to learn more about the niche areas. If you have any questions, feel free to drop me an e-mail!

24 - Why Is There Something Rather Than Nothing?

• Holt, Jim. Why Does the World Exist?: An Existential Detective Story. [Book]
• Leftow, Brian. Why is There Anything at All?. https://www.closertotruth.com/series/why-there-anything-all-part-1. [Video]
• Law, Stephen. Why is There Anything at All?. https://www.closertotruth.com/series/why-there-anything-all-part-3. [Video]
• Carroll, Sean. A Universe from Nothing? https://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2012/04/28/a-universe-from-nothing/. [Blog]
• Albert, David. On the Origin of Everything. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/25/books/review/a-universe-from-nothing-by-lawrence-m-krauss.html. [Book review]
• Parfit, Derek. Why anything? Why this? [Essay]

23 - GUEST: Sam Rickless on Philosophy and the Meaning of Life

• Wolf, Susan. Meaning in Life and Why it Matters. [Book]
• Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus. [Book]
• Nagel, Thomas. The Absurd. [Essay]
• Metz, Thaddeus. Meaning in Life. [Book]
• https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/life-meaning/. [Catalogue]

22 - Wolf: Meaningful Lives in a World Devoid of Meaning

• Wolf, Susan. Meaning in Life and Why it Matters. [Book]
• Wolf, Susan. The Meaning of Lives. [Essay]

21 - Nagel and the Absurd

• Nagel, Thomas. The Absurd. [Essay]
• Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus. [Essay]

20 - The Philosophy of Time Travel

• Lewis, David. The Paradoxes of Time Travel. [Essay]
• The Panpsycast. Episode 77 (Parts I and II). [Podcast]
• Interstellar [Film]
• Smith, Nicholas. Time Travel. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/time-travel/. [Article]

19 - Peter Singer on Morality, Meaning, and Cancel Culture

• Singer, Peter. The Life You Can Save: Acting Now to End World Poverty. [Book]
• Singer, Peter. Animal Liberation. [Book]
• Singer, Peter. The Drowning Child and the Expanding Circle. [Essay]
• Singer, Peter. Famine, Affluence, and Morality. [Essay]
• www.schwitzsplinters.blogspot.com/2020/06/contest-winner-philosophical-argument.html [Blog]
• www.nytimes.com/2020/07/11/opinion/sunday/animal-rights-cruelty.html [Article]
• www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities [Website]
• www.80000hours.org [Website]

18 - Life Extension: Cryonics and Mind Uploading

• Vice Asia. World of Cryonics - Technology That Could Cheat Death. [YouTube]
• Humanity 2.0. Digital Afterlife & Life Extension - Humanity's Quest to Escape Death. [YouTube]
• Regalado, Antonio. A startup is pitching a mind-uploading service that is "100% fatal". https://www.technologyreview.com/2018/03/13/144721/a-startup-is-pitching-a-mind-uploading-service-that-is-100-percent-fatal. [Article]
• Sandberg, Anders. Can you be a death positive transhumanist? http://aleph.se/andart2/life-extension/can-you-be-a-death-positive-transhumanist. [Article]
• Searle, John. Mind: A Brief Introduction. [Book]
• Parfit, Derek. Reasons and Persons, Part 3. [Book]

17 - The Fermi Paradox

• Howell, Elizabeth. Fermi Paradox: Where Are the Aliens? https://www.space.com/25325-fermi-paradox.html. [Article]
• Boeree, Liv. Fermi Paradox: why haven't we found aliens yet? https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/7/3/17522810/aliens-fermi-paradox-drake-equation. [Article]
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_paradox. [Catalogue]
• The 80,000 Hours Podcast. Episode 29. [Podcast]
• Sandberg, Anders et al. Dissolving the Fermi Paradox. [Essay]

16 - Why We Are Living Inside a Simulation and Why We Should Care

• Joe Rogan Experience. Episode 1350. [Podcast]
• Bostrom, Nick. Are You Living in a Simulation? [Essay]
• www.simulation-argument.com. [Catalogue]

15 - The Pessimism of Schopenhauer

• Janaway, Christopher. The Cambridge Companion to Schopenhauer. [Book]
• Magee, Bryan. The Philosophy of Schopenhauer. [Book]
• Schopenhauer, Arthur. The World as Will and Representation [Book]

14 - Buddhism: Meditation and Mindfulness

• Gunaratana, Henepola. Mindfulness in Plain English. [Book]
• Rahula, Walpola. What the Buddha Taught. [Book]
• Chodron, Thubten. Buddhism for Beginners. [Book]
• Bodhi, Bhikkhu. The Noble Eightfold Path: The Way to the End of Suffering. [Book]

13 - Buddhism: The Path to Nirvana

• Rahula, Walpola. What the Buddha Taught. [Book]
• Chodron, Thubten. Buddhism for Beginners. [Book]
• Bodhi, Bhikkhu. The Noble Eightfold Path: The Way to the End of Suffering. [Book]
• Gunaratana, Henepola. Mindfulness in Plain English. [Book]

12 - Anti-Natalism: Why Having Children Is Wrong

• Benatar, David. Better Never to Have Been: The Harm of Coming into Existence. [Book]
• Perry, Sarah. Every Cradle Is a Grave: Rethinking the Ethics of Birth and Suicide. [Book]
• Coates, Ken. Anti-Natalism: Rejectionist Philosophy from Buddhism to Benatar. [Book]

11 - Sartre and Existentialism

• Blakewell, Sarah. At the Existentialist Cafe. [Book]
• The Panpsycast. Episode 17 (Parts I and II). [Podcast]
• Philosophize This. Episodes 86, 87, 88, 103, 104. 105. [Podcast]
• Sartre, Jean-Paul. Existentialism is a Humanism. [Essay]
• Sartre, Jean-Paul. Being and Nothingness. [Book]
• Sartre, Jean-Paul. No Exit. [Play]
• Sartre, Jean-Paul. Nausea. [Book]

10 - Liam Ward on Camus and the Absurd

• Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus. [Book]
• Camus, Albert, The Outsider. [Book]

9 - Altruism: How to do Good Effectively

• MacAskill, Will. Doing Good Better. [Book]
• Singer, Peter. The Life You Can Save: Acting Now to End World Poverty. [Book]
• www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities [Website]
• www.80000hours.org [Website]
• Ord, Toby. The Moral Imperative toward Cost-Effectiveness in Global Health. [Essay]
• MacAskill, Will. Replaceability, Career Choice, and Making a Difference. [Essay]
• Bostrom, Nick. Astronomical Waste: The Opportunity Cost of Delayed Technological Development. [Essay]

8 - Altruism: The Case for Doing Good

• Singer, Peter. The Life You Can Save: Acting Now to End World Poverty. [Book]
• Singer, Peter. The Drowning Child and the Expanding Circle. [Essay]
• Singer, Peter. Famine, Affluence, and Morality. [Essay]
• Mwenda, Andrew. Aid for Africa? No Thanks. [Ted Talk]
• Murphy, Liam. The Demands of Beneficence. [Essay]

7 - Freedom and Happiness

• Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World. [Book]
• Orwell, George. 1984. [Book]
• Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World Revisited. [Book]
• Sunstein, Cass and Thaler, Richard. Nudge. [Book]
• Mill, John Stuart. On Liberty. [Book]
• Saetra, Henrik Skaug. When nudge comes to shove: Liberty and nudging in the era of big data. [Essay]

6 - The Psychedelic Experience: The Acid Tests

• Wolfe, Tom. The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test. [Book]
• Huxley, Aldous. The Doors of Perception. [Essay]
• Thompson, Hunter S. Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. [Book]
• Brown, Mick. Trip of a lifetime: Ken Kesey, LSD, the Merry Pranksters and the birth of psychedelia. www.telegraph.co.uk/books/what-to-read/trip-of-a-lifetime-ken-kesey-lsd-the-merry-pranksters-and-the-bi/. [Article]
• Lord, Sterling. When Kerouac Met Kesey. www.theamericanscholar.org/when-kerouac-met-kesey/#.XbEugmYxXIU. [Article]

5 - The Psychedelic Experience: Psychedelic Music and the Grateful Dead

• Gimbel, Steve. The Grateful Dead and Philosophy: Getting High Minded about Love and Haight. [Book]
• Carr, Patrick. The Grateful Dead Makes a Real Good Hamburger. www.nytimes.com/1973/03/11/archives/the-grateful-dead-makes-a-real-good-hamburger-pop.html. [Article]
• Jarnow, Jesse. How an Army of Deadheads (And Their LSD) Invented Silicon Valley. www.wired.com/2016/04/heads-jesse-jarnow-excerpt/. [Article]

4 - Living Deliberately

• Thoreau, Henry David. Walden. [Book]
• Kerouac, Jack. The Dharma Bums. [Book]
• Kerouac, Jack. Desolation Angels. [Book]
• Krakauer, Jon. Into the Wild. [Book]

3 - Kerouac: Beyond the Road

• Kerouac, Jack. The Dharma Bums. [Book]
• Watts, Alan. Zen & the Beat Way. [Book]

2 - Kerouac: On the Road

• Kerouac, Jack. On The Road. [Book]
• Garcia, Jerry. The History of Rock 'N' Roll [from 11:55]. www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVkkbJ_KI2Y [Interview]

1 - Suicide and the Absurd

• Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus. [Book]
• Camus, Albert. The Outsider. [Book]
• Camus, Albert. The Plague. [Book]